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Stories

A Library Lifeline for Underserved Communities 

March 22, 2022

How regional medical libraries increase access to health information for those who need it most

With the ubiquity of online resources, you may not realize the role that libraries (UW Health Sciences Library in particular) play in connecting healthcare professionals with critical medical and health information. Access to accurate, evidence-based health information is particularly challenging in rural or under-resourced communities that often do not have the budget, human resources or information infrastructure that larger communities and healthcare organizations do. 

The University of Washington’s Health Sciences Library serves as the Regional Medical Library for Region 5 which includes Alaska, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and U.S. Territories and Freely Associated States in the Pacific.

Enter the National Library of Medicine (NLM). In April 2021, The National Library of Medicine (NLM) awarded a five-year, $ 6.3 million UG4 cooperative agreement grant to UW Health Sciences Library (HSL) to serve as the Regional Medical Library (RML) for the Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) Region 5 serving Alaska, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, Washington and the U.S. Territories and Freely Associated States in the Pacific. 

“We (NLM) connect community members with training and access to evidence-based health information by supporting their local libraries…”

While separate entities, the NNLM and HSL work collaboratively toward shared goals to increase access to health information resources. NNLM’s mission is to “advance the progress of medicine and improve the public health by providing all U.S. health professionals with equal access to biomedical information and improving the public’s access to information to enable them to make informed decisions about their health.”

“Our main goal is to connect health professions’ trainees and providers to free, evidence-based biomedical resources; and to connect community members with training and access to evidence-based health information by supporting their local libraries,” says Michele Spatz, NNLM Outreach & Engagement Coordinator.

UW Health Sciences Library has served as a regional medical library since the Network’s inception in 1968, and has expanded the reach of the RML by granting NNLM awards that impact rural and underserved populations throughout the region. Here, we share just a few examples from the communities who benefit from this critical partnership.

Reducing language barriers to improve health 

Photo: Multnomah County Library staff teach community members how to use MedlinePlus while also sharing a healthy cooking lesson

Multnomah County Library (MCL) in Portland, Oregon is a large, urban public library that serves many of the area’s Vietnamese and Chinese communities. Toan Lam-Sullivan, Bilingual Chinese Regional Librarian and colleague Karen Nguyen, Bilingual Vietnamese Library Assistant noticed that language barriers were preventing many in the community from understanding and receiving important health & wellness information contributing to negative health outcomes such as diabetes, social isolation and low birth weights. To address this need, they conceived of and applied for NNLM funding to start the Healthy Pathways program designed to increase participants’ trust and confidence in the public library as a health information resource by offering educational opportunities and access to reliable health information. With the NNLM grant, they developed a series of sixteen healthy lifestyles workshops across three different branches with a focus on Vietnamese, Mandarin, and Cantonese speaking communities. Programs included education on nutrition and healthy cooking, fitness, and stress relief. The Library’s project team also collaborated with NNLM to provide training to their bilingual, bicultural library staff on how to use MedlinePlus, a health database produced by the National Library of Medicine, to find culturally and linguistically appropriate health information. Staff then created interactive computer classes to teach community members how to use MedlinePlus to search and find information and resources to address their health concerns. 

Bringing people together in a group setting had a very positive, motivating effect,” noted Karen Nguyen. “It encouraged people to seek out healthy lifestyle activities, and helped them learn how to use library tools like MedlInePlus to get health information in the languages that they are most comfortable with.” 

The program was a huge success. While NNLM funding for the program has ended, the outreach and trainings have now become part of routine programming for the libraries. 

Increasing Collection Diversity

In 2021, the RML launched the Collection Equity Award designed to amplify the voices of diverse authors writing on health and medical topics. Throughout NNLM Region 5, 27 awards were given to libraries and organizations including 11 academic libraries; 2 community-based organizations; 1 hospital library and 13 public libraries.

The awards focused on shared goals of ensuring equitable access to health information, promoting health literacy and supporting programmatic outreach in under-resourced communities, such as: 

  • Growing a collection of resources with the goal of giving foster, guardianship, kin and adoptive families parenting Tribal children – and their supporting community providers – ample, accessible, culturally appropriate materials to bolster the health and wellbeing of Native children involved with the [State’s] child welfare system.
  • Increasing online resources supporting LGBTQIA+ students, faculty, and staff as well as the nurse educators and student nurses who will be providing medical care to LGBTQIA+ individuals in the future.
  • Expanding eBook resources on social justice and DEI topics to serve as professional development and continuing education materials for clinical care providers to assist those interested in shifting from learning to action, to challenge existing knowledge and ideology that has been embedded in our daily lives, and to reflect how race and racism and other facets of discrimination impact different communities.
  • Building library health and wellness collections that better reflect student demographics and to curate resources and tools in support of curriculum-based inquiry and inclusion. 

“I am excited to encourage our students to use these resources and to use them myself.”

“I am excited to encourage our students to use these resources and to use them myself. And I am always happy to contribute to the great work that [the library] and others do to support diverse populations!!”

 – Claire McKinley-Yoder, PhD, RN, CNE, University of Portland 

Each awardee is required to submit a bibliography of the materials purchased. These will be brought together in fall 2022 to form the NNLM RML’s Diverse Voices Writing on Health and Medicine, a comprehensive resource that will serve as a regional collection development tool for other libraries and organizations wishing to broaden the representation of voices within the health materials they offer. 

Improving Students’ Understanding of Environmental Impacts

Air quality is a significant environmental and health concern in California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV). The SJV does not meet the state and federal attainment standards for particulate matter and health outcomes are worse in certain zip codes due to social determinants of health such as historical redlining practices and the built environment. The percentage of children ages 1–17 in the region whose parents report an asthma diagnosis is almost 20% higher than that of other areas in California. Knowing these statistics and the lack of awareness within student populations, California Health Sciences University Librarians teamed up with UCSF Fresno librarian to design and deliver a workshop for high school youth focused on the health impacts of bad air quality. Through NNLM Region 5’s Environmental Health Outreach Award, high school students from underserved communities in the Fresno area participated in a two hour session to learn about air quality in the San Joaquin Valley; how air pollutants impact the respiratory system; the health effects of poor air quality; how to search NLM resources for health information; and community resources to improve air quality and reduce the impact of poor air quality on their health.

Photo: Kyle Robinson, Electronic and Technical Services Librarian, spoke with high school students as they walked around the Clovis East High School campus, measuring air quality with handheld sensors.

Students were inspired to make changes as a result of what they learned. One student shared, “I did not know that poor air quality had more health effects than just respiratory diseases or problems. As a result of what I learned today, I will check the AQI every day and make sure that I do not use my car unless it is necessary.”

Bridging the digital divide for the most vulnerable

Census data shows that 14.5% of Springfield, OR residents under age 65 live with a disability, significantly above the state average of 9.9%. Just over 8% of Springfield residents do not have a computer in their home and many do not have a broadband Internet subscription. As more and more government and commercial services, including healthcare providers, are reliant on computer/internet access to utilize their services, the role of the Springfield Public Library in providing that access is increasing. Furthermore, the lack of adaptive work stations to facilitate computer and internet access for Springfield’s most vulnerable residents was– until now– a challenge.

“Libraries are for everyone and with this grant we are able to better serve those members of our community who have specific needs.”

With the funding awarded by the NNLM Region 5 office at UW’s Health Sciences Library, the Springfield Public Library purchased equipment, software and peripherals to create an adaptive workstation including standing desk, screen readers, and more. By consulting with local community and government organizations (Lane Independent Living Alliance, Oregon Commission for the Blind, Developmental Disabilities Services among others) the library purchased the most relevant adaptive equipment based on needs identified by these partners to provide up-to-date computer/internet access (including access to health services) to a wider array of the Springfield Public Library community. 

“Libraries are for everyone and with this grant we are able to better serve those members of our community who have specific needs. We provide access to so many wonderful and necessary resources and with our new ADA station we look forward to more members of our community being able to access them.” – Mark Riddle, Adult Services Librarian, Springfield Public Library.

Beyond the grant

UW Health Sciences Library has served as a regional medical library since the NNLM’s inception in 1968. While the NNLM team at UW facilitates grant applications and funding, their work goes far beyond the selection and transaction of grant funding. Under the leadership of Tania Bardyn, Associate Dean of Health Sciences and PI of NNLM Region 5, and Cathy Burroughs, NNLM Region 5 Executive Director, the entire NNLM Region 5 staff have worked hard establishing relationships essential to expanding the reach of the NNLM program. Staff conduct ongoing outreach across the region to make sure that communities are aware of funding opportunities and to guide them through the sometimes complex application and award funding process every step of the way. The Region 5 team travels and works on site with local communities to provide training on technical resources like medical databases, ensuring that local staff are ready and able to facilitate community use of these tools and other funded resources. 

The NNLM posts new grants regularly. Learn more.

Questions? Your NNLM Region 5 staff is here to help. Please reach out to Michele Spatz, Outreach and Engagement Coordinator at:

[email protected] or Cathy Burroughs, Executive Director at: [email protected]

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Stories

UW Libraries in the Classroom: Looted? Ethnomusicology, Archives & Colonial Legacies

March 21, 2022

Inside the echoing walls of the Smith Room* within the Suzzallo and Allen Libraries, John Vallier, Ethnomusicology Curator for UW Libraries, presses “play”.  Students listen intently to the scratchy recording of a so-called “war chant”.

Vallier explains that it was recorded in 1906 near Mount Kilimanjaro by an officer in Germany’s colonial force. “The singers were uncredited Massai people. They received no compensation and no copy of the recording. The colonial officer is credited with making and owning the recording. He extracted and then deposited these people’s songs into a Berlin archive, where its sounds were mined for academic and financial gain.”

The course, offered through UW Honors, is called “Looted? Ethnomusicology, Archives & Colonial Legacies“. In addition to being Ethnomusicology Curator for UW Libraries, Vallier is also affiliate faculty in UW’s Ethnomusicology and Honors programs. As explained in his syllabus, the class “interrogates the field of ethnomusicology through the lens of its archives, those storehouses of sound recordings that helped establish the field.” 

Photo: Instructor John Vallier leads a discussion with remote guest speakers in the Smith Room of Suzzallo Library for his class Looted? Ethnomusicology, Archives & Colonial Legacies. 

“Even if you’ve never heard of ethnomusicology, in this class you’ll learn how repatriating music relates to history, law, art, politics and even science,”  says Grace, a current student. 

“This class is meant to be both critical and functional. In it we explore the colonial legacy of collecting in ethnomusicology. We critique that impulse to appropriate and represent the ‘other.'” Vallier says that such past practices have “dire ethical implications for the archives that are charged with stewarding these materials. How can we reconnect these recordings, songs, and stories with communities of origin? What does successful, and unsuccessful,  “musical repatriation” sound like?”

Throughout the course, students gain an understanding of the history of ethnomusicology and the power dynamics that influence collecting and archiving in the field.  Students come from across disciplines, and there is no prior course or experience required. 

“Even if you’ve never heard of ethnomusicology, in this class you’ll learn how repatriating music relates to history, law, art, politics and even science,”  says Grace, a current student.  

Vallier, along with guest lecturers from such institutions as the Library of Congress, Indiana University, and Harvard, share their “real world” attempts to repatriate and or otherwise attempt to address ethnomusicology’s colonial legacies. Guest speakers have included: 

  • Laurel Sercombe, retired UW ethnomusicology archivist and longtime repatriation advocate, spoke to the colonial roots of ethnomusicology and its precursor discipline, comparative musicology. 
  • Joe Kinzer, curator for Archives of Word Music, described his work connecting Boston-area Somali immigrants with Harvard’s extensive collection of 1920s recordings. 
  • Kate Mullen, a PhD student from Indiana University, underscored the importance of community involvement with particular emphasis on the Manchester Digital Music Archives (MDMA). 
  • Lorraine Sakata, professor emerita from UCLA, described her work to digitally return recordings from UW to Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tajikistan. 

Established in 1962, UW’s Ethnomusicology Program is one of the oldest programs of its kind in the country. The Archives, which was also established 60 years ago, stewards some 50,000 items including  sound, video, and film documenting international, national, and regional musics and related traditions. Vallier has been with UW Libraries since 2006. Prior to UW, he was archivist for the UCLA Ethnomusicology Archive where he helped facilitate repatriation projects and co-taught with Professor Tony Seeger.  

“Established in 1962, UW’s Ethnomusicology Program is one of the oldest programs of its kind in the country. The Archives, which was also established 60 years ago, stewards some 50,000 items including  sound, video, and film documenting international, national, and regional musics and related traditions.”

While Vallier has taught for the Honors program before, this is first venture into a hybrid environment. “Teaching in a hybrid model, with students participating both in-person and online, has its challenges for sure,” says Vallier. “But I am so impressed with the students. Through so many challenges they have persevered with passion and a strong sense of justice about the topics we are discussing– I plan to carry their energy and ideas forward in my work.” Vallier will be teaching about Seattle music for Honors next year, as well as “Sounds of Cinema” for the Department of Cinema and Media Studies next quarter. When Vallier isn’t in the classroom, he is working on a range of projects to preserve and make accessible recordings from the Ethnomusicology Archives and Seattle Sounds Project. 

*The Smith Room

The Smith Room in Suzzallo Library has, for many years, been used as a rental space for meetings and events.  It mirrors the classic gothic style of the iconic Reading Room and once housed the Libraries’ Special Collections.  Opposing the stained-glass windows and book-lined walls are four large murals painted in 1935 by Paul M. Gustin and John T. Jacobsen.  The murals are a product of their time and depict a myopic, colonial, and imperial view of the pacific northwest drenched in Manifest Destiny and Western European-centric white supremacy. The irony of these murals surrounding a class devoted to the study of indigenous culture, history and ownership was not lost on the class or instructor. As a class assignment, students were asked to observe the murals and review the Libraries’ current statement on the murals (see below) in the context of themes discussed in class, and offer suggestions for how to address the murals in a more permanent way. These suggestions were compiled and sent to the Libraries Dean for consideration. 

Libraries Statement posted in the Smith Room:

The University of Washington acknowledges the Coast Salish peoples of this land, the land which touches the shared waters of all tribes and bands within the Suquamish, Tulalip and Muckleshoot nations.

The depictions of relations between European explorers and settlers and Native Americans in the Smith Room’s Gustin-Jacobson murals celebrate what was seen in the 1930s as the triumph of western settlement and Manifest Destiny over the land and people who were here before. This view perpetuates a racist narrative and is not in line with modern scholarship or the values of the University of Washington or UW Libraries.

Critical review of such depictions is required, and UW Libraries is currently working with stakeholders across the University to provide more context and commentary specific to these materials with a plan for more permanent and formal acknowledgement in this space and in our online records.

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Stories

Celebrating Sunshine Week 2022

March 11, 2022

What is Sunshine Week?

Sunshine Week celebrates open government, records, laws — News Leaders AssociationStarted in 2005 by the American Society of News Editors (now the News Leaders Association), Sunshine Week  (March 13-19, 2022) is an annual celebration of the continued effort to promote open government and free public access to U.S. government information. it coincides with national Freedom of Information Day, March 16th.

Sunshine Week takes places each March in observance of the birthday of James Madison, one of the early advocates for the inclusion of the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution. Madison’s quote, “A popular Government, without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or, perhaps both,” is often cited in promotional materials for Sunshine Week, although some dispute whether it refers to access to government information or access to information and knowledge more broadly.

Join the Conversation

We welcome you to join the UW Libraries this week in observing Sunshine Week (March 13-19, 2022) by participating in informational webinars on the current state of public access to government information. You can view the full schedule of Sunshine Week events here, or consider attending a few of the spotlighted events below:

  • Sparking Discovery: Using FOI and Big Data to Tell Stories, Build Community, and Solve Problems–Wednesday, March 16, 12 pm PT; Register and More Info Here

Public Access to Government Information

Laws governing access to government information vary across jurisdiction (i.e. federal, state, local) and branch (i.e. legislative, executive, judicial). In 2016, the Congressional Research Service (CRS) published a helpful primer on “Access to Government Information in the United States” and notes that “(n)o provision in the U.S. Constitution expressly establishes a procedure for public access to executive branch records or meetings.” There have, however, been acts of Congress over the years that have set a standard for access to federal executive branch information, including the landmark Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (1966), the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) (1972), the Privacy Act (1974), and the Government in the Sunshine Act (1976).

Laws such as FOIA help make the work of many UW researchers possible, including at the Center for Human Rights (UWCHR), which published a free online guide on How to FOIA in 2019. You can browse a collection of the documents released through FOIA requests by the UWCHR on the UW Libraries’ Research Works site. Over 800,000 FOIA requests are made each year.

Libraries Access to U.S. Government Information

The UW Libraries provides access to government information in a variety of ways and formats. The UW Libraries has been a member of the U.S. Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP), established in 1813 to ensure public access to government information, for over 130 years. You can find documents distributed to depository libraries and other government documents in the Government Publications collection on the ground floor of the Suzzallo Library. Government information librarians at UW have also curated several research guides to help you start your search for government information.

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Stories

March Update

March 2, 2022

Spring is right around the corner, Huskies!  As you prepare for finals, don’t forget to check out our finals week resources , learn all about Open Education Week events March 7-11, AND remember that you still have plenty of time to enter the  #IHeartUWLibraries Student Video Contest for a chance to win up to $1,500 — submissions are due March 27th! 

Operations

Group/collaboration study returns at the Research Commons in spring quarter!!
  • Hours – 
    • Odegaard Library will extend evening and weekend hours for end-of-quarter and finals week– see the schedule. 
    • Spring break AND spring quarter hours are listed on the Libraries Operations Update Page.(note: most Libraries will maintain current hours in spring quarter).
  • More group study space! Effective spring quarter, Individual Study Space at the Research Commons will be reconfigured to its pre-Covid design, with multiple seating configurations designed for group study and collaboration. 

News and Stories

book cover
This book of student-authored essays on acclaimed artist Jacob Lawrence and his years as a professor of art at UW is one example of open pedagogy projects created by UW students, supported by UW Libraries. Learn more during Open Education Week!
  • Open Education Week is March 7-11 : It’s Bigger than Free Textbooks! People often think of free textbooks when they think of open educational resources (OER), but the open education movement is so much more. UW Libraries is ready to celebrate all the ways open education promotes affordable access, equity, and the inclusion of more diverse voices in the scholarly conversation. Learn what it’s all about, and see some of the amazing UW open pedagogy projects created by students and faculty. Learn more.
  • UW Joins ACM Transformative Open Access Agreement: UW joins over a hundred other institutions participating in the Association for Computing Machinery Open Agreement. In 2020, UW ranked third in the world for institutions publishing research in ACM Digital Library publications. This agreement will allow all of those articles going forward to be made available open access supporting not just UW authors but researchers around the world.

Featured Resources, Collections

Preparing for Finals Week: UW Libraries 10 Tips for Success – make sure you know about all the resources and help available to support students during finals week, and always!

EIU Viewpoint

Dive into expert political and policy insights for more than 200 countries with EIU Viewpoint from the Economist Intelligence Unit, brought to you by UW Libraries.  Viewpoint has daily updates on politics, economics, and business as well as in-depth reports with five-year forecasts and historic trends. You can download report data directly for your own analysis.

Workshops and Events

*March 7-18th is Open Education Week!  Be sure to check out all of the great workshops and events inside and outside of UW!

Events

Recurring Workshops and Reading Groups

Get Help with your digital scholarship project!

Want to learn how to create a website, digital book, interactive map or other digital content for your research project? UW Libraries Open Scholarship Commons is the place to start!  Attend  the OSC weekly drop-in sessions to or contact us to schedule a personal appointment and learn more!

Exhibits and Displays

Books and memorabilia from the Women’s History Month display in Allen Library North.

Need a study break? Take a walk around Suzzallo and Allen Libraries and Special Collections to explore our current displays and exhibits. 

NEW! Making HERstory- In Celebration of Women’s History Month:  Tacoma-based artists Chandler O’Leary and Jessica Springer have been elevating women’s voices through their ongoing letterpress broadside series, Dead Feminists (www.deadfeminists.com) since 2008. Their work is the foundation for the exhibit And Then She Said, on display in Special Collections through August 19, 2022. Each broadside features the words of famous and less well-known women throughout history who spoke out against inequality, racism, environmental and social injustices, and more. Stop by the case on the first floor of Allen Library North for a sneak peek and for information about how to view entire exhibit.

EXTENDED: Climate Justice for All — On view in the Allen Library North Lobby North, this in-depth exhibit explores the effects of climate change on disadvantaged populations and communities of color and highlights solutions through an equity lens. 

The Pacific Northwest in the ‘70s This quarter’s theme Keep on Truckin’ focuses on the industries and entertainment made famous during the 70s. Groove through the ‘70s in this exhibit of photos, ephemera, and publications from the University of Washington Libraries Special Collections. Each quarter will feature different aspects of the pivotal decade that brought the end of the postwar economic boom, an increase in social progressive values, greater political awareness and expanding liberties for women. 

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Stories

Open Education Week: It’s Bigger than Free Textbooks

February 22, 2022

Open pedagogy elevates student voices with projects that go beyond the classroom.

Open Education Week is just around the corner, and the UW Libraries is ready to celebrate all the ways open education promotes affordable access, equity, and the inclusion of more diverse voices in the scholarly conversation.

People often think of free textbooks when they think of open educational resources (OER), but the open education movement also includes open pedagogy.

Open pedagogy refers to practices that engage students in creating information rather than simply consuming it. It leverages the “open” nature of OER to facilitate learning and emphasizes community and collaboration: sharing resources, ideas, and power.  

What does that look like? Here are a few possibilities:

  • Teams of students collaboratively write and edit a textbook and develop original illustrations — as Comparative Endocrinology classes at UW began doing last year. 
  • Students edit and improve Wikipedia articles, or create new articles to fill in gaps in coverage.
  • Students work with their instructor to revise the course syllabus or to design an assignment or exam questions, showing their proficiency with the material.

What it doesn’t look like is the typical “disposable” assignment—a five-page paper that no one but the instructor and TA will ever read. Instead, open pedagogy elevates the voices of students as scholars in their own right.

The values embedded in open pedagogy can be summed up in 5 R’s attributed to Rajiv Jhangiani:

  1. Respect the agency of students and creators.
  2. Reciprocate by contributing to the commons and building community.
  3. Recognize risk as ever-present, and be mindful that the risks are greater for some (e.g., women, students, scholars of color, precarious faculty).
  4. Reach beyond the classroom and make an impact.
  5. Resist destructive forces in order to be antiracist, democratizing, liberatory, and decolonized.

At UW, students and instructors have collaborated on notable open pedagogy projects in the past few years. Badass Womxn in the Pacific Northwest, co-created by Dr. Julie Shayne and students at UW Bothell in 2019, was a ground-breaking open pedagogy project using Pressbooks. Last summer, a book of student-authored essays on acclaimed artist Jacob Lawrence made a splash as one of few art historical works focused on his years as a professor of art at UW. And students in Classics 430 created a collection of openly licensed scholarship on Greek and Roman myth in the form of a virtual museum using UW Manifold. 

Several UW open pedagogy projects have used Pressbooks, a digital publishing platform based on WordPress that’s ideal for creating OER and free for students, faculty, and staff. If you’ve used Pressbooks before, watch your inbox for an upcoming survey to help the UW Libraries make this an even more useful tool for the UW community. To get started with Pressbooks for a project of your own, keep reading for a list of Open Education Week events co-hosted by the Open Scholarship Commons. 

Contact us to learn more about support for OER and open pedagogy through the UW Libraries.

Celebrate Open Education Week at UW Libraries

The following UW Libraries-sponsored events will take place virtually during Open Education Week, March 7-11, 2022.

Student Authored: UW Open Pedagogy & Publishing — Monday, March 7, 1:30-2:30 p.m. Join us to hear from a panel of UW instructors who will speak about their work developing exciting digital publishing projects with student authors and artists. 

Jacob Lawrence in Seattle Cover

We’ll learn about how the projects were structured within and outside the classroom, publishing platforms, challenges and successes, followed by a Q&A with audience members. Event Information and Zoom Link

Open Educational Resources 101: Finding and Using OER — Tuesday, March 8, 2-3 p.m.  Interested in using more free and open materials in your courses? Join this one-hour workshop where we’ll explore OER search tools together and talk about the difference between Open Access and OER. Event Information and Zoom Link

UW Libraries Pressbooks: Create and Remix Interactive Course Materials — Thursday, March 10, 3-4 p.m. Pressbooks is a tool that is free for UW faculty, students, and staff and that can be used to create, adapt, or remix digital books. This session will provide examples of course materials published in Pressbooks and demonstrate how to clone existing textbooks and add interactive elements (such as quizzing and flashcards). Event Information and Zoom Link

… And Beyond!

Many other Open Education Week activities will be hosted by organizations and institutions outside the UW. These are free and open to anyone but may require advance registration.

OER Tools:

OER in Higher Education:

OER Logo

Read more: Open Educational Resources and Open Textbooks: What is Open Pedagogy?

Stories

Celebrating Fair Use Week 2022

February 18, 2022

Unpacking the complex rules that govern U.S. copyright.

By UW Librarians Maryam Fakouri and Sally Pine

What is fair use?

Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week logo This week we celebrate fair use, a doctrine of copyright law that facilitates scholarship, journalism, the arts, and innovation. At its core, the ultimate goal of copyright is to enrich the public by “promot[ing] the Progress of Science and useful Arts.” U.S. Const. Art. 1 §8. As an incentive to create works, creators have exclusive rights to their works for a limited time.  When that time has elapsed, works enter the “public domain,” the body of works that no longer belong to anyone and therefore are free for anyone to use.

The criteria for copyright protection in the U.S. are so easy to meet, you may not realize that we create new copyright-protected works on a near daily basis! Moreover,  a lot of what we make is automatically protected by copyright because the requirements for copyright protection in the U.S. are very easy to meet. In addition, copyright protections take a very long time to expire. (As of this writing, works published before 1927 in the U.S. are in the public domain.) Thus, many works are currently protected by copyright and will continue to be protected for many years to come. However, it’s not realistic to expect that students, researchers, critics, and anyone else who engages with creative works draw only from works that are at least 95 years old; that would stifle free speech and innovation.

An essential aspect of fair use is its flexibility; each situation must be evaluated individually. New cases are decided each year in this dynamic and evolving area of law.

Enter fair use, a vital limitation on the exclusive rights of copyright owners. It allows works to be used in certain contexts without formal permission from rights holders. An essential aspect of fair use is its flexibility; each situation must be evaluated individually. New cases are decided each year in this dynamic and evolving area of law. Fair use analyses all begin with this famous language in 17 U.S.C. §107:

[F]air use . . . for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining . . . fair use the factors to be considered shall include—

  1. the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
  2. the nature of the copyrighted work;
  3. the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
  4. the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

While educational and research uses are favored, these uses must still be considered in light of all four factors. Ultimately, only judges decide whether a use is fair use and they explain the reasons for their decisions. To understand how fair use has been interpreted, we can examine some fair use decisions:

In Hosseinzadeh v. Klein (2017), Ethan and Hila Klein created a 14-minute “reaction video” to Hosseinzadeh’s sketch of a man pursuing a woman. The Kleins used about three minutes of Hosseinzadeh’s original five-minute video in their reaction piece.

  1. The Kleins used the clips to illustrate their commentary and critique. This favored fair use.
  2. Hosseinzadeh’s video was fictional. Because creative works are protected more than works that are largely factual, this factor leaned away from fair use.
  3. The third factor was neutral. While the Kleins needed to use portions of the original to make their commentary, they used a considerable amount.
  4. The Kleins transformed Hosseinzadeh’s original video so much that their “reaction video” was not a market substitute for the original.

In Authors Guild v. Google (2015), Google scanned millions of books and made the texts searchable online. Yet Google’s actions were held to be fair.

  1. Google’s purpose was highly transformative. Searchers did word searches to find words in lengthy texts. Word matches were shown in the context of three-line snippets, so researchers could assess whether the word matches met their needs. This tool enabled textual analysis and fact checking in ways that are impossible using physical books. Also, Google’s algorithm permanently hid one tenth of the pages from view and one snippet from each page shown, making it impossible to reconstruct a book. The highly transformative nature of Google’s use outweighed any profit motive Google had for the search tool.
  2. The scanned books were mixed in nature, although predominantly nonfiction. This factor was neutral in the analysis.
  3. Although each book was scanned in its entirety, users could view only snippets of them. Altogether, the snippets revealed a small amount of the texts only after the snippets were painstakingly fit together.
  4. Given the factors above, Google’s use had very little likelihood of market harm for the books it scanned.

For comparison, the use in Brammer v. Violent Hues (2019) was not fair. A company reproduced roughly one half of a photograph on a website to promote a film festival. (It is interesting to note that this decision reversed the lower court’s, which held the use was fair. Judges do not all think alike!)

  1. The photo was used as-is to promote a for-profit film festival.
  2. The photo was a highly creative work as Brammer made several artistic decisions about the composition and the exposure.
  3. The company reproduced roughly one half of the photo, cropping it to show the most dynamic portion of the composition.
  4. The photographer established there was a market for the work by showing that he had licensed it twice in exchange for payment. If other potential clients acted as Violent Hues did, the market for the photo would be harmed.

Tips and Tools

Fair use evaluations require us to slow down and think about our uses of materials in relation to the four factors. We have a growing body of precedents to guide us. In addition, these resources can prompt us to consider important aspects of our desired uses. The tools listed here can help us weigh the four factors in good faith. Please note that they do not provide legal advice.

If you feel your actions extend beyond fair use, you might adjust your actions to strengthen your fair use stance. For example, you might use less of a work than you first envisioned, or you may seek direct permission from a rights holder.

Additional Concerns

Fair use is a vital and evolving area of law, and it is important to acknowledge that it exists within a complex world of rights and technological controls. As technology makes it easy to copy and distribute works, rights holders use legal and technical tools to monitor uses of their works. Licenses detail how copyright-protected works may be used. (As examples, skim the terms of use for Netflix and  Disney+). Meanwhile, bots are used to detect copies of works—even if they may be examples of fair uses. Unfortunately, bots cannot make nuanced evaluations!

Conclusion 

Fair use has been in our federal copyright statute for nearly 50 years, but its history is older. Judges and lawmakers have long recognized the need to balance the rights of copyright holders with the rights of those who would draw upon their works, especially for socially beneficial purposes. It’s not a coincidence that educators, artists, journalists, innovators, and librarians rely on fair use so frequently; we all use copyright-protected works thoughtfully to promote the progress of science and the useful arts, just as the Constitution intends. So happy Fair Use Week 2022!

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Stories

Libraries in the Classroom: Training Tomorrow’s Library & Information Science Leaders

February 18, 2022

The UW Information School’s (iSchool) Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) program, like many other programs, often integrates active practitioner experiences into learning.  UW Libraries are a natural partner on campus, and proximity and local context create many opportunities for collaboration. At the same time, the teaching experience benefits UW Libraries by providing valuable insight into MLIS student needs and perspectives. 

Did you know?

The library science master’s program at the University of Washington is ranked #2 in the U.S.!

Information School | University of Washington

What is an iSchool?

https://ischool.uw.edu/about

“We are passionate about developing, mentoring, and encouraging the next generation of information and library professionals. Working directly with MLIS students is one way we accomplish this,” says Jackie Belanger, Director of Libraries Assessment and Planning. 

In fall 2021, Belanger and Librarian Robin Chin Roemer taught LIS 580: Management of Information Organizations, a required graduate course that covers everything from theories of management to planning, budgeting, communication and how to prepare organizations for change over time. While the course is tailored for the library context, the skills are applicable across disciplines.

“Having the opportunity to engage with students directly in a classroom setting keeps us mindful of and empathetic to the overall experience of students, and to different ways of designing effective learning programs and new types of student resources,” says Chin Roemer.

“Having the opportunity to engage with students directly in a classroom setting keeps us mindful of and empathetic to the overall experience of students, and to different ways of designing effective learning programs and new types of student resources.”

Librarians Emily Keller and Alyssa Deutschler both teach Principles of Information Services (LIS 521), an elective that explores how libraries and other organizations establish information services to serve their user information needs– including virtual reference, outreach, assessment and specialized areas of reference such as genealogy and health information. 

“One of the most interesting points in the class is interrogating the relationship between librarians/library workers and users, and finding ways to establish partnerships, rather than being seen as all-knowing gatekeepers; developing communications skills for clearly understanding needs and navigating the interaction in different modes,” says Keller, who has been teaching the online course for the past nine years.

UW Librarian expertise is also sought out by other iSchools across the U.S. For example, Belanger and Chin-Roehmer will conduct a guest lecture at Syracuse University’s iSchool this spring and Matt Parsons and Madison Sullivan are recent guest instructors at San Jose State University, teaching courses on Maps and GIS and Visual Resources Curation and Arts Librarianship respectively.

Since March 2020, UW Librarians and staff have taught over 800 instruction sessions, including Libraries sessions for classes, workshops not affiliated with a particular course, and course credit classes.

In mid-2023, iSchool students and faculty will have even more opportunities for collaboration when the first floor space in Allen Library will be retrofitted to become a home for iSchool programs with strong connections to the academic and public mission of UW Libraries, including the Center for an Informed Public (CIP), the Technology & Social Change Group (TASCHA) and the Distinguished Practitioner in Residence.

For more information on how UW Libraries can support your classes now, or in spring quarter, visit Libraries Teaching and Learning Services and UW Libraries Faculty Guidance.

Faculty and Students – share your story: If you have taken a class from a UW Librarian, or have engaged UW Librarians in helping to teach your class, we would love to hear about your experience and how it benefited your studies and/or teaching! Email us.

Stories

Entanglements: Mapping the History of Asian Migration onto Coast Salish Lands 

February 10, 2022

UW doctoral candidate Anna Nguyen is an Asian American historian who is passionate about documenting, preserving and sharing the histories of Asian Americans. Through the Simpson Center’s 2021 Mellon Summer Fellowship for Public Projects in the Humanities, Nguyen and fellow UW doctorate candidate Madison Heslop began their collaboration to create Entanglements: Mapping the History of Asian Migration onto Coast Salish Lands. 

Image: A screenshot of the Entanglement’s interactive counter-map featuring the Bush Hotel which housed the offices of the International District Improvement Association (Inter*im). Throughout the 1970’s,  and through the leadership of Indigenous and Filipino activist Bob Santos, Inter*im played a large role in the revitalization of Seattle’s International District.

Completed in January 2022, Entanglements is a digital counter-mapping project that charts the settler-colonial conditions of Asian migration onto Coast Salish lands by analyzing the intersections between Coast Salish and Asian American histories in Seattle and the central Puget Sound area. UW Libraries talked with Anna Nguyen about this fascinating new digital scholarship project, supported by UW Libraries Open Scholarship Commons*. 

What is counter–mapping?

Counter-mapping’ is the map-making process whereby communities appropriate the state’s techniques of formal mapping and make their own maps as alternatives to those used by government (Nancy Peluso, 1995). Counter-maps become tools in the broader strategy for advocacy as they articulate community claims for rights over land. In addition to representing geographic information, counter-maps negotiate between central social, cultural and historical notions. (Source: The New Media Lab) 

Counter-maps can represent psychological as well as physical distances that are rarely linear or uniform. Mapping is eternally linked to stories, and counter-mapping acknowledges the use of more than one knowledge base. It also has the possibility to counter the naïve, sometimes malign, simplicity of state lines. Counter-mapping helps us to give more weight and representation to customs and claims on the land that have traditionally been ignored. (Source).

What was the goal of the project?

The goal of the map was to do place-based history by locating stories in their original landscapes where stories from Coast Salish and Asian American communities most deeply intersect. This goal required us to engage with geography, ecology, and the built environment as well as to develop a sense of historical place–the meanings that past and current residents have assigned to sites–in order to “read” the city as a historical text.

What do you want people to remember or learn through this map?

Entanglements seeks not only to answer the question of how Asian Americans have historically been implicated in furthering colonial logics, reinforcing settler-colonial structures, and justifying dispossession of Native lands in the United States; but also the question of how we might generate new pathways toward further solidarity between Asian American communities and Indigenous nations.

What inspired you to choose this topic?

As an Asian American historian I was interested in doing a counter-mapping project that emphasized the importance of land, labor, and resources in the history of Asian migration to the Puget Sound area, and the different ways that Asian Americans have been harmed by, implicated in, and/or resisted white settler colonialism in the region. I thought Madison was the perfect person to collaborate with on such a project as she is an expert on Pacific Northwest history and is well versed in the Indigenous history of the area. In addition, I knew that Madison had previously worked on similar counter-mapping projects like the amazing “A People’s Landscape: Racism and Resistance at UW.

Ultimately, for both of us this project was also a way to actively acknowledge the claim and stewardship of Coast Salish peoples–past and present–over the land. 

How did you create it?

We used Omeka and Neatline, platforms available through the UW Libraries.  The platforms were intimidating at first, but did not require specialized technical knowledge to use. Verletta Kern, the Digital Scholarship Librarian, helped us talk through our options in terms of mapping platforms that can be supported by UW Libraries, options for hosting, and how best to navigate permissions for reuse for some digital images from UW Libraries Special Collections.  

How do UW Libraries make digital scholarship projects like Entanglements possible? 

While we receive funding through fellowships and other programs, the Libraries provide personal instruction and training that is really important for researchers to do this type of digital scholarship work.  Before this project, I didn’t realize how much UW Libraries is committed to digital and public scholarship. The Open Scholarship Commons’* mission is closely aligned with our own philosophy on public digital history, so it seemed like a good place to start in terms of learning more about how the Libraries could support this work.  At the same time, the staff at the Libraries are also really open to listening to us about how best to support this work. I had some great discussions with the Research Commons Librarians Elliott Stevens and Senior Online Learning Support Manager Perry Yee on different ways to teach Omeka and Neatline to UW students. 

“While we receive funding through fellowships and other programs, the Libraries provide personal instruction and training that is really important for researchers to do this type of digital scholarship work.” 

How are you sharing this work, and what has been the response so far?

We worked with several local museums and archives to gather resources and feedback. They have been very supportive in sharing the project with their networks through social media. We hope that through stories like this and other forums that showcase digital scholarship at UW, more people will see the project and gain an understanding of our shared histories as they relate to place and our broader UW community. 

Anna Nguyen is graduating in spring 2023 and Madison will graduate spring 2022 with the completion of their doctorates in history. 

*What is the Open Scholarship Commons?

UW Libraries Open Scholarship Commons (OSC), operating virtually for now, provides a hub for cross-disciplinary knowledge creation and dissemination– supporting you in using digital tools to openly share your research and safely integrating new digital pedagogy techniques into your classroom.   

We encourage you to explore OSC services and upcoming events on our website, including our OSC project page with many examples of how the OSC team is supporting open digital scholarship projects across UW. 

Learn more about the UW Libraries Open Scholarship Commons

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Stories

February Update

February 2, 2022

Welcome back to campus, Huskies (again)! 🙂 

Read on for more details on these and many other Libraries events and resources!

Operations Updates 

  • Special Collections has re-opened in-person appointments and the virtual reading room is still available for online viewing. All services by appointment only.
  • Masks: Masks are available at all public service desks for individual use. The Libraries is one of several centralized distribution points on campus intended to supply masks for individual use only and are not stocked to supply masks in bulk for other units, labs, or classrooms. Per UW Covid Information and Campus Operations guidance, UW units needing supplies of masks should purchase those and other PPE from the UW Clean and Safe Storefront via a budget number. Thank you for your cooperation.
  • Stay informed: The best source for Libraries status and operational changes is the Libraries Operations Update Page.

News and Stories

“The co-teaching work of our Librarians demonstrates how generative the research process itself can be, not only for students’ individual projects, but also for thinking about how interdisciplinary work contributes to academic and public conversations”       – Nick Barr, UW Department of Comparative History of Ideas

In the Classroom with Libraries: Arts and Humanities:  Go beyond the desk (the information desk, that is) and see how UW Librarians work collaboratively with instructors in the arts and humanities.

#IHeartUWLibraries Student Video Contest is back! #IHeartUWLibraries student video contest is an opportunity to showcase your creative talents AND win up to $1,500! With a new Tik Tok category, this year’s submissions will be the most sharable yet! The deadline for submission is Sunday March 27th.  Get inspired by the work of past winners and Learn more. 

Featured Resources, Collections

Black Thought & Culture: Celebrate Black History Month by delving into the nonfiction work of notable African Americans from Frederick Douglass and W.E.B. Du Bois to Angela Davis and Amiri Baraka. The Black Panther Newspaper and oral histories of Black Panther members are a special highlight of this resource brought to you by the UW Libraries. Additional relevant online resources can be found on the African American History Research Guide.

Workshops and Events

UW Theses and Dissertations – Tuesday, Feb. 15

For many students, the thesis or dissertation represents one of their first forays into publicly disseminating the products of their scholarship. This webinar will give an overview of the copyright and publishing issues students should consider, and demonstrate how their decisions are reflected in the ETDAdministrator system. It will offer the opportunity for students to think through their options for how and when to share their work, and to ask questions about the process. Learn more.

Recurring Workshops, Drop-In Help Hours 

Community and Reading Groups

  • Open Writing Circles Tuesdays: virtual weekly meetings offering 90 minutes of quiet writing time and community with fellow writers from across campus, every Tuesday! Learn More.
  • Community Reads is an annual program designed to build community and connection through collective group reading and reflecting experiences.  The program is hosted by UW Bothell/Cascadia College Library, and is open to all. This year’s chosen book is Undrowned by Alexis Pauline Gumbs.
  • Tadoku – Japanese Reading Club! Open to UW students who are currently enrolled in Japanese language class, this weekly reading club meets in the Tateuchi East Asia Library Seminar room on Fridays from 2:00-3:00 pm.

Exhibits and Displays

Need a study break? Take a walk around Suzzallo Library to see these fun displays that are sure to entertain, and maybe even cure your writer’s block!

National Day Displays: Located in Government Publications, Maps, Microforms & Newspapers (GMM)on the ground floor of the Suzzallo Library: 

Public Domain Day: See this collection of books, films, and music that entered the public domain on 1/1/2022!
Adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2012 as an international day– World Radio Day is February 13, 2022
“Look and Find” – Match this collection of objects with the corresponding list representing the many national holidays, and observances we can  celebrate this quarter–from the formal to the far-fetched!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There’s Always Chocolate: “There’s Always Chocolate” in the Allen Library North case features vintage Valentine’s cards, books and ephemera about chocolate and more, the exhibit is a light-hearted, colorful display dedicated to February’s favorite treat. Curated by Graduate Reference Assistant Cali Vance.

 

Exhibit: The Pacific Northwest in the ‘70s: Groove through the ‘70s in this exhibit of photos, ephemera, and publications from the University of Washington Libraries Special Collections. Each quarter will feature different aspects of the pivotal decade that brought the end of the postwar economic boom, an increase in social progressive values, greater political awareness and expanding liberties for women. This quarter’s theme Keep on Truckin’ focuses on the industries and entertainment made famous during the 70s. 

Missed it?

There’s still time to see these fascinating exhibits!

‘And Then She Said: Voices of Feminists Past and Present’: A celebration of feminist collaboration. This recent story from The Daily explores a hidden gem in the basement of UW Suzzallo Library: an exhibit in UW Libraries Special Collections highlighting the work of Dead Feminists, a collaborative project between local artists that brings the words of historical women to life through vibrant and detailed prints paired with short, written reflections from staff, student workers, and volunteers. Make an appointment to visit the exhibit. 

 

EXTENDED: Climate Justice for All — Now on view in the Allen Library North Lobby through through Feb 23, 2022, this in-depth exhibit explores the effects of climate change on disadvantaged populations and communities of color and highlights solutions through an equity lens. 

 

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Stories

In the Classroom with UW Libraries: Arts and Humanities

February 1, 2022

Picture yourself in class (or a Zoom room), being led through an immersive imagination exercise, using sense memory to explore questions related to the history and context of a particular object or place. Your instructor is an expert in history, humanities, information science and archiving. Your instructor is a UW Librarian! 

Image: Librarian Deb Raftus at the Allen Library information desk is  part of the Libraries’ arts and humanities teaching team.

While we may typically think of Librarians working behind a reference desk on campus or answering questions online, many UW Librarians are often found outside the Library, teaching in the classroom!  Be it virtual or in person, librarians teach full quarter courses in the iSchool as well as dedicated instruction sessions in many other courses across disciplines.  UW Librarians teach courses that not only prepare students for careers in information sciences, but also build core competencies around research skills and management that are essential for all students throughout their academic careers and beyond. 

In Comparative History of Ideas (CHID) 491 Senior Thesis, arts and humanities librarians teach collaboratively with MLIS graduate student workers to help students build skills and a framework for their capstone projects. Students learn how to use critical research tools like Zotero citation manager, create search strategies like keyword mapping and learn about the many resources available at UW Libraries. 

“Students regularly comment that the visual nature of keyword mapping helps them make new connections between concepts, and aids in brainstorming new terms,”  says  Librarian Deb Raftus.

The UW Librarian arts and humanities teaching team has been working consistently with CHID instructors Annie Dwyer and Nick Barr for several years, building on Librarian Theresa Mudrock‘s long-standing relationship with the department and creative co-teaching experience.

Engage UW Librarians  in your class!

UW librarians offer support for instructors and students across all three UW campuses, :

  • Subject librarians teach class sessions tailored to students’ research needs and specific instructor requests.
  • Canvas modules are available to help students build essential research skills and succeed with key assignments.
  • Consultations are easy to schedule online with subject librarians who specialize in research within your discipline.

Questions? Contact us by email, chat, and more.

 “Working with the UW Librarians is an exhilarating opportunity for students to experience the intersection of a close-knit, undergraduate-focused department with the resources of a major research institution, says Barr.  “In addition to UW’s vast holdings (physical and digital), students discover that the Librarians themselves provide invaluable guidance in navigating the sea of information effectively and in using research tools to further refine their nascent projects. The co-teaching work of our Librarians demonstrates how generative the research process itself can be, not only for students’ individual projects, but also for thinking about how interdisciplinary work contributes to academic and public conversations.”  

“The co-teaching work of our Librarians demonstrates how generative the research process itself can be, not only for students’ individual projects, but also for thinking about how interdisciplinary work contributes to academic and public conversations.”

After the in-class workshops, Librarians continue to consult with students in subsequent quarters as they continue their work, culminating in a unique array of interdisciplinary final projects such as fine art compositions, crafted manifestos or public scholarship projects such as podcasts, websites, public health campaigns.

“UW Librarians, including UW Libraries graduate student staff, have gone above and beyond, creating online modules to help students delve deeply into all the libraries have to offer, and further, adapting their teaching adeptly during the Covid-19 pandemic to support students’ researching challenges during this time,” says instructor Annie Dwyer.  In course evaluations, students regularly comment on how helpful the library workshop day has been to their research, and often relay that meeting with subject libraries outside of class played a critical role in project “breakthroughs” as well. I feel so lucky to be able to partner with UW librarians in this way.”

…”students regularly comment on how helpful the library workshop day has been to their research, and often relay that meeting with subject libraries outside of class played a critical role in project “breakthroughs” as well. I feel so lucky to be able to partner with UW librarians in this way.”

“They (CHID instructors) are such inspiring, innovative educators who not only get the students excited but also inspire us (the librarians) as well,” says Librarian Elliott Stevens of Dwyer and Barr.  “With the benefit of time, we’ve been able to learn from our experience in the same class, adapt our lesson plans, and expand our teaching team to bring different perspectives and opportunities for collaboration within our team;  it has been a very positive, mutually beneficial partnership,” says Stevens.

At UW Bothell, Research and Instruction Librarian Dani Rowland teaches Interdisciplinary Inquiry (BIS 300) in the School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, referenced in the beginning of this story. The first of two teaching sessions focus on archives– exploring different types, diversity of materials and identifying audiences, in support of a quarter-long assignment in which students build a “rapid response collection.” Rowland enjoys employing techniques like sense memory to engage students’ imaginations and to offer different perspectives on what archives can be. 

“This is one of my favorite classes to work with because it’s all about asking and developing questions, which I love,” says Rowland. When students share their experiences with archives, they often learn things about their classmates’ personal histories and it helps build classroom community. Students are often surprised to learn about archives’ connections to libraries, having mostly experienced them in other contexts.”

Since March 2020, UW Librarians and staff have taught over 800 instruction sessions, including Libraries sessions for classes, workshops not affiliated with a particular course, and course credit classes.

For more information on how UW Libraries can support your classes now, or in spring quarter, visit Libraries Teaching and Learning Services and UW LibrariesFaculty Guidance.

Faculty and Students – share your story: If you have taken a class from a UW Librarian, or have engaged UW Librarians in helping to teach your class, we would love to hear about your experience and how it benefited your studies and/or teaching! Email us.

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